The temporal evolution of the energy flux across scales in homogeneous turbulence

A temporal study of energy transfer across length scales is performed in 3D numerical simulations of homogeneous shear flow and isotropic turbulence. The average time taken by perturbations in the energy flux to travel between scales is measured and shown to be additive. Our data suggests that the propagation of disturbances in the energy flux is independent of the forcing and that it defines a `velocity' that determines the energy flux itself. These results support that the cascade is, on average, a scale-local process where energy is continuously transmitted from one scale to the next in order of decreasing size.Comment: Accepted for publication as a Letter in Physics of Fluid

nsCouette – A high-performance code for direct numerical simulations of turbulent Taylor–Couette flow

We present nsCouette, a highly scalable software tool to solve the Navier–Stokes equations for incompressible fluid flow between differentially heated and independently rotating, concentric cylinders. It is based on a pseudospectral spatial discretization and dynamic time-stepping. It is implemented in modern Fortran with a hybrid MPI-OpenMP parallelization scheme and thus designed to compute turbulent flows at high Reynolds and Rayleigh numbers. An additional GPU implementation (C-CUDA) for intermediate problem sizes and a version for pipe flow (nsPipe) are also provided

Air-to-Air Surveillance for Future ATM Systems

This paper describes a prototype implementation of ADS-B in an air-to-air surveillance system. This air surveillance system was defined for an experimental project on future civilian air traffic management, which imposes new requirements over both air and ground surveillance systems. In this paper the relation between the different airborne and ground systems related to air surveillance is detailed, and the air surveillance and its algorithms are described. It is related with current ADS-B and TIS-B proposals, and defined as an extension of those systems. Finally, performance of the air surveillance is detailed, based on simulated scenarios, and some conclusions for future enhancements of ADS-B function are derived

Manejo de la focalidad neurológica aguda en reanimación. A propósito de un caso.

La focalidad neurológica aguda en pacientes postquirúrgicos suele suponer un reto diagnóstico, especialmente en pacientes jóvenes, debido a la variedad de causas posibles. En muchos casos, las consecuencias pueden ser potencialmente graves y conllevar importante morbi-mortalidad. La orientación diagnóstica precoz y un manejo adecuado son de gran importancia para minimizar las posibles secuelas y mejorar el pronóstico general del paciente

Optimization of the surface properties of nanostructured Ni–W alloys on steel by a mixed silane layer

Ni–W nanostructured coatings electrodeposited on steel by galvanostatic pulses were functionalized by tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) and octadecyltrichlorosilane (OTS) in a two-step procedure. A silica-rich layer is formed by the reaction of TEOS with the metal coating surface oxides, which allows a further reaction with OTS forming a hydrocarbon-silica outer network. This mixed silane layer provides hydrophobicity and improves the corrosion behavior of the Ni–W surface coatings without modifying their excellent mechanical properties.Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicada

Big data en educación: tipologías de los estudiantes a partir del estudio de las interacciones dentro del triángulo pedagógico

Fac. de Comercio y TurismoFALSEsubmitte

Big data en educación II: metodologías adaptativas en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje desde el diagnóstico del estudiante

Fac. de Comercio y TurismoFALSEsubmitte

Incidence, Clinical Characteristics and Management of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Spain : Large-Scale Epidemiological Study

(1) Aims: To assess the incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in Spain, to describe the main epidemiological and clinical characteristics at diagnosis and the evolution of the disease, and to explore the use of drug treatments. (2) Methods: Prospective, population-based nationwide registry. Adult patients diagnosed with IBD-Crohn's disease (CD), ulcerative colitis (UC) or IBD unclassified (IBD-U)-during 2017 in Spain were included and were followed-up for 1 year. (3) Results: We identified 3611 incident cases of IBD diagnosed during 2017 in 108 hospitals covering over 22 million inhabitants. The overall incidence (cases/100,000 person-years) was 16 for IBD, 7.5 for CD, 8 for UC, and 0.5 for IBD-U; 53% of patients were male and median age was 43 years (interquartile range = 31-56 years). During a median 12-month follow-up, 34% of patients were treated with systemic steroids, 25% with immunomodulators, 15% with biologics and 5.6% underwent surgery. The percentage of patients under these treatments was significantly higher in CD than UC and IBD-U. Use of systemic steroids and biologics was significantly higher in hospitals with high resources. In total, 28% of patients were hospitalized (35% CD and 22% UC patients, p < 0.01). (4) Conclusion: The incidence of IBD in Spain is rather high and similar to that reported in Northern Europe. IBD patients require substantial therapeutic resources, which are greater in CD and in hospitals with high resources, and much higher than previously reported. One third of patients are hospitalized in the first year after diagnosis and a relevant proportion undergo surgery

Correction : Chaparro et al. Incidence, Clinical Characteristics and Management of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Spain: Large-Scale Epidemiological Study. J. Clin. Med. 2021, 10, 2885

The authors wish to make the following corrections to this paper [...]